How to Identify Prepositional Phrases

Prepositional phrases are a central part of virtually every sentence spoken or written. Simply put, they always consist of a preposition and an object or objects of the preposition. So its good to get acquainted with this essential part of a sentence and how it affects your writing style. Here is the first paragraph of Chapter 29 of John Steinbecks famous novel The Grapes of Wrath, published in 1939. As you read this paragraph, see if you can identify all the prepositional phrases used by Steinbeck to convey the dramatic return of rain after a long, painful drought. When youre finished, compare your results with the second version of the paragraph, in which prepositional phrases are highlighted in italics. Steinbecks Original Paragraph in The Grapes of Wrath Over the high coast mountains and over the valleys the gray clouds marched in from the ocean. The wind blew fiercely and silently, high in the air, and it swished in the brush, and it roared in the forests. The clouds came in brokenly, in puffs, in folds, in gray crags; and they piled in together and settled low over the west. And then the wind stopped and left the clouds deep and solid. The rain began with gusty showers, pauses and downpours; and then gradually it settled to a single tempo, small drops and a steady beat, rain that was gray to see through, rain that cut midday light to evening. And at first the dry earth sucked the moisture down and blackened. For two days the earth drank the rain, until the earth was full. Then puddles formed, and in the low places little lakes formed in the fields. The muddy lakes rose higher, and the steady rain whipped the shining water. At last the mountains were full, and the hillsides spilled into the streams, built them to freshets, and sent them roaring down the canyons into the valleys. The rain beat on steadily. And the streams and the little rivers edged up to the bank sides and worked at willows and tree roots, bent the willows deep in the current, cut out the roots of cotton-woods and brought down the trees. The muddy water whirled along the bank sides and crept up the banks until at last it spilled over, into the fields, into the orchards, into the cotton patches where the black stems stood. Level fields became lakes, broad and gray, and the rain whipped up the surfaces. Then the water poured over the highways, and cars moved slowly, cutting the water ahead, and leaving a boiling muddy wake behind. The earth whispered under the beat of the rain, and the streams thundered under the churning freshets. When you have completed the identification exercise in the original paragraph, compare your results with this marked version. Steinbecks Paragraph With Prepositional Phrases in Bold Over the high coast mountains  and  over the valleys  the gray clouds marched  in from the ocean. The wind blew fiercely and silently, high  in the air, and it swished  in the brush, and it roared  in the forests. The clouds came in brokenly,  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹in puffs, in folds, in gray crags; and they piled in together and settled low  over the west. And then the wind stopped and left the clouds deep and solid. The rain began  with gusty showers, pauses and downpours; and then gradually it settled  t​o a single tempo, small drops and a steady beat, rain that was gray to see through, rain that cut midday light  to evening. And  at first  the dry earth sucked the moisture down and blackened.  For two days  the earth drank the rain, until the earth was full. Then puddles formed, and  in the low places  little lakes formed  in the fields. The muddy lakes rose higher, and the steady rain whipped the shining water.  At last  the mountains were full , and the hillsides spilled  into the streams, built them  to freshlets, and sent them roaring  down the canyons into the valleys. The rain beat on steadily. And the streams and the little rivers edged  up to the bank sides  and worked  at willows and tree roots, bent the willows deep  in the current, cut out the roots  of cotton-woods  and brought down the trees. The muddy water whirled  along the bank sides  and crept  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹up the banks  until  at last  it spilled over,  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹into the fields,  into the orchards, into the cotton patches  where the black stems stood. Level fields became lakes, broad and gray, and the rain whipped up the surfaces. Then the water poured  over the highways, and cars moved slowly, cutting the water ahead, and leaving a boiling muddy wake behind. The earth whispered  under the beat of the rain, and the streams thundered  under the churning freshlets. Common Prepositions about behind except outside above below for over across beneath from past after beside in through against between inside to along beyond into under among by near until around despite of up at down off with before during on without

First Continental Congress Essay example - 1444 Words

The First Continental Congress The American dream is built upon a foundation of struggles and gains, along with more struggles. A look back to early American History provides one with a timeline that seems endless and full of surprises. The First Continental Congress serves as one of those timeline markers and is a great example of the American way. Being one of the first meetings ever between the colonists, The First Continental Congress laid one of the first bricks into the foundation of America. The First Continental Congress made its mark in history on September 5,1774 in Philadelphia’s Carpenters Hall. According to the u-s-history.com website, â€Å"The idea of such a meeting was advanced a year earlier by Benjamin Franklin, but†¦show more content†¦Independence was not the issue at this meeting, rather the members in Congress sought to â€Å"right the wrongs† that the colonies had endured. Along with that redemption, the members of the First Continental Congress sought to gain a voice in London, something they were denied of. One cannot truly grasp the magnitude of this Continental Congress until we look at the prominent figures in attendance during this time. There were 55 delegates in Carpenter’s Hall but perhaps the most prominent figures include, â€Å"George Washington, Samuel Adams, John Adams, Patrick Henry, Richard Henry Lee, John Jay and John Dickinson.† The delegates were mainly those of high social standing and many made their living in the fields of â€Å"trade, farming and law.† Communication between the colonies was very minimal, therefore many delegates were meeting for the first time and all would have different opinions and issues. Members of the First Continental Congress did not suffer from lack of communication, as â€Å"The first few weeks were consumed in discussion and debate. The colonies had always, up to this time, acted as independent entities.† With that many delegates had to overcome distrust and learn to work as a whole body rather than individuals with different agendas. The agenda at the First Continental Congress was not completely clear in the eyes of the delegates. Leadership, during this time, was crucial and once this issue wasShow MoreRelatedHistorical Analogy of the First and Second Continental Congress1024 Words   |  4 PagesHISTORICAL ANALOGY OF THE FIRST AND SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS Introduction CONTINENTAL CONGRESS, 1ST (1774) AND 2ND (1775-1781). The political state of affairs in Massachusetts produced by the English Coercive Acts, that had been approved in reaction to the Boston Tea Party, riled up such radical New York patriot leaders as Alexander McDougall and Isaac Sears and to suggest the assembly of a general colonial congress to the Boston Committee of Correspondence. 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Biopure Solution Free Essays

Biopure Corporation has two new products that are Oxyglobin and Hemopure. Oxyglobin is the first new blood substitute for the veterinary market and is ready for consumer use. Hemopure is another new blood substitute for the human market and it will take two years to launch the product from now on. We will write a custom essay sample on Biopure Solution or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ted Jacobs, vice president for Human Clinical Trials, is concerned about creating an unrealistic price expectation for Hemopure by marketing Oxyglobin before Hemopure. On the other hand, Andy Wright, vice president for Veterinary Products, believes that selling Oxyglobin has benefits for the company in terms of generating revenues for the use of launching Hemopure and learning how to market and make mistakes prior to the launch of Hemopure. Carl Rausch, the president and CEO of Biopure Corporation, has to decide if the release of Oxyglobin would be beneficial for the company without jeopardizing the potential of Hemopure. The Solution: I think that launching Oxyglobin has many benefits for the company. For this reason, I agree with Andy Wright’s decision to begin by selling Oxyglobin. Ted Jacobs indicates that the veterinary market is small and price sensitive. He also believes that if the company prices Oxyglobin around $150, it will be very difficult to price Hemopure at $800 because of the huge difference in price for the same product. I disagree with Ted Jacobs because although the production processes and physical characteristics of these two products are identical, Oxyglobin is targeted for the animal market whereas the target customer for Hemopure is the human market. Just because products are identical does not mean that the company prices separately; it is all about the supply and demand. The determining factor of price is the market itself, so Ted Jacobs thinks that Biopure can achieve the price points of $600 to $800. He can only estimate these price points based on the market price. Additionally, even though the veterinary market is small and price sensitive, being the first in any market will make a huge difference and impact the company’s reputation in a positive way if the product satisfies the needs and wants of the consumers. 84% of veterinary doctors complained about the lack of alternatives to the blood transfusion in the marketplace. I believe that this is a big opportunity for Biopure to enter the veterinary market because Oxyglobin has already passed an FDA – approval process specific to the veterinary market. If the competitors want to get a share for animal blood substitutes, they have to wait at least for two years. Waiting for Hemopure to launch both products at the same time will also put the company in a risk because of the possibility of competitors’ entrance to the veterinary market. Once Oxyglobin achieves its purpose for animals and satisfies the veterinary doctors and pet owners, the success of this product will help Biopure to easily launch Hemopure and attract the human market. The Implementation: Andy Wright and his team can have a successful launch for Oxyglobin by implementing the followings: †¢ The Pricing Strategy: Even though the surveys show that veterinarians recommend less-expensive treatments over more-expensive, 90% of pet owners are willing to be informed about all the available alternatives to treat their pets. For this reason, giving the many advantages of Oxyglobin relative to donated animal blood and being the only animal blood substitute in the market, Oxyglobin should carry a premium price of up to $200 per unit. The Distribution Strategy: Instead of making a contract with one of the distributors, Biopure should consider of distributing Oxyglobin by using its salesforces. By doing so, the company does not have to pay 20% of the selling price on a more-established product and 30% of the selling price on a new product. Since the estimated cost of distributing Oxyglobin is $10 to $15 per unit, Biopure would save money compared to the cos t of contracting with one of the distributers which would be $60 per unit. How to cite Biopure Solution, Papers